Analysis of translations of F. M. Dostoevsky’s works into the Polish language
Сяовэй Чэнь
Докладчик
магистрант 2 курса
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет
Ключевые слова, аннотация
The article studies translations of F. M. Dostoevsky’s works into the Polish language. The first work by Dostoevsky translated into Polish was the Crime and Punishment novel. The first part of the article describes the history of Dostoevsky’s works translation into Polish, the second part of the article analyses problems and solutions that translators face during the translation process, with particular attention paid to the translation of realities, proper names and historicisms.
Тезисы
The Russian classics is the most important component of the Russian national literature, the latter in its turn is one of the richest national literatures in the world. In Poland, Russian literature has always been given great attention to, and the interaction of Poland and Russia in this area is very fruitful. As an example, F. M. Dostoevsky — one of the greatest Russian writers: in Poland, interest to his works arose at the end of the XIX cent. The first work by Dostoevsky translated into Polish was the «Crime and Punishment» novel. The translation was completed by Bogusław Londoński in 1887. The first work by Dostoevsky was the «Poor Folk» novel, translated into Polish by Andrzej Stawar and published by the Roy Publishing House in 1929. In 1913, «The Brothers Karamazov» was published in the translation by Barbara Bopre.
High-quality translation from one language into another is not an easy task, it must always be equivalent, moreover, translation from one Slavic language into another is complicated by so called «false friends of the translator», i. e. words that are similar in sound but have different meanings, sometimes even opposite.
It should also be noted that the realities that are characteristic of the sublanguage of fiction and mass media are inextricably linked to the culture of a certain nation, they are common to the language of these people and alien to other languages. For example, these are everyday realities, ethnographic realities, onomastic realities, associative realities, and so on.
There is a theory of historicisms in the translation studies. Historisms are the words that are no longer used in our everyday speech, the majority of native speakers do not know them since they are outdated. Interpretation and translation of such words require additional explanation or an indication to alternative expressions that are more common and understandable to people. Historisms and archaisms that have ceased to function in speech are passive vocabulary. The historicism of translation is one of the most noticeable characteristics of Dostoevsky’s works translation into the Polish language.